ATCvet code : QJ01FF01
Pharmacodynamics
The veterinary medicinal product contains Clindamycin hydrochloride. Clindamycin is a semi-synthetic antibiotic produced by 7(S)-chloro substitution of the 7(R)-hydroxy group of the natural antibiotic produced by Streptomyces lincolnensis var. lincolnensis.
Mode of Action:
Clindamycin inhibits bacterial protein synthesis at the ribosomal (50s sub-unit) level.
In vitro activity:
Clindamycin has in vitro activity against the following micro-organisms:
| ∙ Aerobic Gram-positive cocci, including: Staphylococcus intermedius and Staphylococcus aureus (penicillinase and non-penicillinase producing strains), Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus spp. (except Streptococcus faecalis), Pneumococcus spp. |
| ∙ Anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli, including: Bacteroides spp., Fusobacterium spp. |
| ∙ Anaerobic Gram-positive non-spore-forming bacilli, including: Propionibacterium spp., Eubacterium spp., Actinomyces spp. |
| ∙ Anaerobic and microaerophilic Gram-positive cocci, including: Peptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., microaerophilic streptococci. |
| ∙ Clostridia: Most Cl.perfringens are susceptible; other species such as Cl. sporogenes and Cl. tertium frequently are resistant to clindamycin. |
| ∙ Mycoplasma species: Most mycoplasma species are susceptible to clindamycin. |
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption:
Clindamycin hydrochloride is rapidly absorbed from the canine and feline gastrointestinal tract following oral administration. Effective clindamycin antibacterial serum levels are reached within 30 minutes following administration of the therapeutic dose.
Serum values:
Therapeutic serum levels of clindamycin can be maintained by oral administration of 5.5 mg/kg bodyweight every 12 hours or 11 mg/kg bodyweight every 24 hours; peak serum concentrations are on average reached 75 minutes after oral administration. The biological plasma half-life of clindamycin in the dog and cat is approximately 5 hours. No accumulation of bioactivity has been observed in dogs or cats after several oral administrations.
Metabolism and Excretion:
Extensive research of the metabolism and excretion pattern of clindamycin shows that the parent molecule as well as bioactive and bio-inactive metabolites are excreted via the urine and faeces.
Nearly all bioactivity in the serum following oral administration is due to the parent molecule (clindamycin).